Evaluation and control of the adhesiveness of cohesive calcium carbonate particles at high temperatures

Understanding the adhesiveness of fine particulate materials at high temperatures is important to achieving stable, economical operation various industrial systems. In present research, two types calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles having different mean particle sizes (often used as heat carriers in energy systems) were evaluated. The tensile strengths beds these determined by strength measurement tester. was found increase greatly 500 °C even without chemical reactions or sintering, and X-ray diffraction analyses showed thermal expansion CaCO3 crystals °C. Pure alumina (Al2O3) silica (SiO2) microparticles did not exhibit same pronounced increases crystal this temperature. Because surface distances between primary presumably small, it proposed that van der Waals forces increased temperatures. addition Al2O3 nanoparticles decreased powder both ambient temperature experimental data confirm upon incorporating nanoparticles, such during treatment.